Bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi no kunoza ubumenyi bw’ubuzima bw’abantu, ibikoresho byinshi byo gufasha mu gusana biri kwinjira mu ngo z’abantu basanzwe kandi bikaba abafatanyabikorwa b’ingenzi mu gusana mu ngo zabo. Muri byo, ibikoresho bitanga umwuka wa ogisijeni n’ibitanda byo kwita ku bantu mu rugo (nk’ibitanda by’amashanyarazi) biri kwiyongera kuko birushaho kunoza ubuzima bw’ababikoresha kandi bikagabanya umutwaro wo kwita ku miryango. Ariko, duhanganye n’ibicuruzwa bitandukanye ku isoko, ni gute twahitamo igikoresho gihuye n’ibyo dukeneye cyangwa ibyo umuryango wacu ukeneye? Ni gute twabikoresha mu buryo bwizewe kandi neza?
Igipimo cya ogisijeni: kirinda ubuzima bw'ubuhumekero
Ibikoresho bigabanya umwuka wa ogisijeni mu kirere bikanatanga umwuka wa ogisijeni mwinshi ku barwayi bakeneye ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni. Bikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura no kuvura abarwayi bafite indwara idakira y’ibihaha (COPD), cor pulmonale, sleep apnea syndrome, nibindi.
Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugura:
- Sobanura ibyo ukeneye kandi ukurikize inama za muganga wawe:Iyi ni intambwe ikomeye cyane! Menya neza ko uguze nyuma yuko muganga wawe amaze gusuzuma neza no gutanga imiti ya ogisijeni. Muganga azagena niba imiti ya ogisijeni ikenewe, urugero rw'imiyoboro ya ogisijeni ikenewe (nk'ikiro/iminota, litiro 3/iminota, litiro 5/iminota, n'ibindi) n'igihe cyo guhumeka ogisijeni buri munsi (nk'igihe gihoraho, guhumeka ogisijeni, guhumeka ogisijeni nijoro, nibindi) hashingiwe ku miterere y'umurwayi, ubwinshi bw'ogisijeni mu maraso, kwihanganira ibikorwa bye, nibindi. Menya neza ibi bipimo mbere yo kugura.
- Gutandukanya ubuvuzi n'ikoreshwa ry'ubuvuzi:Hari "ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi" n'ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi" bikungahaye kuri ogisijeni ku masoko. Ibikungahaye kuri ogisijeni byo mu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi akenshi bigira umuvuduko muto wa ogisijeni (ubusanzwe nturenze 1L/umunota) n'umuvuduko udahindagurika (bishobora kuba munsi ya 90%), bikaba bikwiye gukoreshwa by'agateganyo n'abantu bagenda mu misozi miremire cyangwa bafite ikibazo cyo kubura umwuka neza. Ku barwayi bakeneye ogisijeni, hagomba gutoranywa ogisijeni yo mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi, ifite ogisijeni igomba kuba ihamye kuri 93% ± 3% kandi ishobora gutanga umuvuduko usabwa n'amabwiriza ya muganga (nk'uko umuvuduko ukomeza kuba wujuje ibipimo bya 5L/umunota).
- Ibande ku bipimo by'ingenzi:
Ingano y'amazi anyuramo: Menya neza ko imashini ishobora gutanga amazi anyuramo yanditswe na muganga kandi ifite urugero runaka (urugero, niba imiti isaba 3L/iminota, icyitegererezo gifite amazi anyuramo angana na 5L/iminota gishobora gutoranywa).
Igipimo cya ogisijeni: Igipimo cya ogisijeni mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi kigomba kuba ≥90% (ubusanzwe 93% ± 3%) ku gipimo cy'amazi anyuramo.
Urusaku: Urusaku ni ikintu cy'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku bunararibonye bw'umukoresha, cyane cyane nijoro. Ni byiza guhitamo ibicuruzwa bifite urusaku ruri munsi ya desibeli 45 (dB). Reba agaciro k'urusaku hakurikijwe ibipimo bitandukanye by'urusaku.
Imikorere ya Nebulizer: Niba umurwayi akeneye kuvurwa na nebulizer mu guhumeka, guhitamo icyuma gipima ogisijeni gifite imikorere ya nebulizer bishobora kugira akamaro kabiri mu mashini imwe.
Imikorere y'igihe: Ku barwayi bakeneye guhumeka umwuka wa ogisijeni ku gihe, imikorere yo gusohora no kuzimya umuriro ku gihe ni ingirakamaro cyane.
Imikorere y'itangazo: Imikorere y'umutekano nko kubuza umwuka uhagije n'itangazo ry'ibura ry'amashanyarazi ni ingenzi.
- Tekereza ku buryo bworoshye bwo gukoresha no kubungabunga:
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ese birasobanutse kandi byoroshye, cyane cyane ko byoroshye kubaga abageze mu za bukuru.
Ubunini n'uburemere: Tekereza uburyo bworoshye bwo kwimura no kubika. Niba ukeneye kwimura, ushobora kwita ku mamoderi afite amapine cyangwa modeli zigendanwa.
Igiciro cya Condumables: Sobanukirwa uburyo bwo gusimbuza n'igiciro cy'ibikoresho nk'imiyoboro ya ogisijeni, amacupa yo gukurura ubushuhe, n'ipamba yo kuyungurura.
Serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha: Hitamo ikirango gifite izina ryiza, gitanga serivisi nyinshi nyuma yo kugurisha, kandi gitanga igisubizo ku gihe.
- Amabwiriza yo kwirinda gukoresha:
Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga witonze: Humeka umwuka wa ogisijeni ukurikije umuvuduko w'amazi n'igihe muganga yagutegetse, kandi ntubihindure wenyine.
Guhuza neza: Menya neza ko umuyoboro wa ogisijeni ufatanye neza kandi icupa ry'umuyoboro w'amazi rigomba kuzuzwa amazi yaciwe cyangwa asukuye ku murongo wagenwe (niba bikenewe).
Gukoresha umwuka wa ogisijeni mu buryo bwizewe: Ibikoresho by'umuriro, umuriro ufunguye n'ibintu bishobora gushya n'ibiturika birabujijwe cyane muri metero 1 ukikije aho umwuka wa ogisijeni ushyirwa! Komeza ahantu hakikije imashini hagire umwuka mwiza.
Gusukura no kwica udukoko buri gihe: Kurikiza amabwiriza yo gusukura icupa rifasha guhumeka, umuyoboro wa ogisijeni (ni byiza gusimbuza buri gihe) no kuyungurura ipamba kugira ngo hirindwe ko bagiteri zikura.
Gusana buri gihe: Simbuza ibikoresho bikoreshwa ukurikije amabwiriza kandi uhamagare uwabikoze cyangwa abahanga buri gihe kugira ngo babikore neza.
Ibitanda byita ku bana igihe kirekire: kunoza ihumure no kugabanya umutwaro w'ubuvuzi
Ibitanda byita ku bana igihe kirekire, cyane cyane ibitanda by'amashanyarazi, bishobora guhindura impande z'umugongo n'amaguru mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi kugira ngo bifashe ababikoresha guhaguruka byoroshye, kunama amaguru yabo, kwicara, guhindukira, n'ibindi bikorwa, bikongera ihumure n'icyubahiro by'abantu baryamye ku buriri. Muri icyo gihe, bigabanya cyane umutwaro w'ababitaho kandi bigabanya ibyago byo koroherwa (nk'ibisebe byo mu gitutu no kugwa mu buriri).
Aho kugura:
- Suzuma ibyo umukoresha akeneye
Ubushobozi bwo kwiyitaho: Ese umukoresha ashobora kwiyitaho igice? Ese akeneye kwishingikiriza ku bandi burundu? Ibi bigena ibisabwa ku mikorere y'igitanda (nk'uko gikenewe kuba gifite amashanyarazi n'uko imikorere yacyo ikenewe).
Imiterere y'umubiri: Uburebure n'uburemere (menya ingano n'ubushobozi bwo kwikorera umutwaro), indwara z'ingenzi (nk'uko hari ibyago byo kugira ibisebe mu gitutu, gukenera imyanya yihariye y'umubiri, nibindi).
Imiterere y'umurwayi: Ingufu z'umubiri n'imyaka by'umurwayi, ndetse niba umutwaro wo kuhindukira, guhaguruka, n'ibindi ugomba kugabanywa.
- Guhitamo imikorere y'ibanze
Guterura inyuma: Umurimo w'ibanze kandi w'ingenzi, ufasha abayikoresha kwicara baryamye neza, byoroshye kurya, gusoma, kuvugana, n'ibindi. Uko inguni ziba nini, niko birushaho kuba byiza (ubusanzwe hagati ya 0 na 70° cyangwa irenga).
Guterura amaguru: Bituma amaraso atembera neza mu maguru, bigabanya kubyimba no gutuma umuntu yumva amerewe neza.
Guterura muri rusange: Biroroshye ku barera abana gukora ibikorwa byo kuvura (nko guhindura amashuka yo kuryamaho, gukaraba) no kurinda ikibuno cy'umurera; kandi biroroshye ku bakoresha kwinjira no kuva mu buriri.
Guhindukirira ibumoso n'iburyo: Ku bakoresha badashobora guhindukirira bonyine, iyi mikorere ishobora gukumira ibisebe by'umuvuduko kandi ni ingenzi mu buriri bwo kurera bw'abana bugezweho.
Itangazo ryo gusohoka mu buriri: Ku bakoresha bashobora kugwa mu buriri (nk'abageze mu zabukuru bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona neza), iyi porogaramu ishobora kwibutsa ababitaho ku gihe.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umwobo w'ubwiherero: Byoroshye kujya mu bwiherero uri ku buriri.
- Igitanda na matela
Ingano n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo: Hitamo ubugari bukwiye bw'igitanda (ubusanzwe ni cm 90, cm 100) n'uburebure ukurikije imiterere y'umubiri w'umukoresha, kandi urebe neza ko ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo buhagije.
Guhitamo matelas: Ubusanzwe ibitanda byo kurera bisaba matelas zihariye (nk'ikirungo, impera, latex cyangwa matelas zikoreshwa mu kurwanya indwara zo mu nda). Ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo matelas ifasha, yoroshye guhumeka kandi yoroshye kuyisukura, cyane cyane ku barwayi bashobora kugira ibisebe bikabije.
- Umutekano no kugenzura
Moteri n'imiterere: Moteri igomba gukora neza kandi mu rusaku ruke; imiterere y'igitanda igomba kuba ihamye kandi idahungabana. Itondere icyemezo cy'umutekano (nk'ikimenyetso cya CE, ISO13485, nibindi)
Uburyo bwo kugenzura: Uburyo bwo kugenzura hakoreshejwe insinga ni bwo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane, kandi aho hantu hagomba kuba horoshye ku bakoresha n'ababitaho. Hari ubwoko bw'ibitanda bigezweho bushyigikira uburyo bwo kugenzura hakoreshejwe insinga cyangwa uburyo bwo kugenzura porogaramu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-11-2025