Nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi gifasha abantu bafite imvune zo mu gice cyo hasi cy'amaguru, abarimo kuvurwa nyuma yo kubagwa, cyangwa abantu bafite ubumuga bwo kugenda, guhitamo inkingi zo mu gatuza bigira ingaruka ku mutekano w'ikoreshwa, ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo, ndetse n'ibyago byo kwangirika kw'inyongera. Guhaha intoki akenshi bitera ibibazo nko gukanda no kubabara mu kwaha, kugenda nabi, cyangwa kuvunika kw'inkingi, bibangamira inzira yo gukira. Kubwibyo, iyo uhisemo inkingi zo mu gatuza, umuntu agomba kureka igitekerezo cy'uko "inkingi iyo ari yo yose ikora ihagije" ahubwo agatekereza ku buryo bwuzuye ku mibereho ye bwite, imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, n'uburyo bwo kubikoresha kugira ngo abone "umugenzi w'umutekano" ukwiriye.
一. Kwimenyera wowe ubwawe ni ingenzi
Gusobanukirwa ibyo ukeneye ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi mu guhitamo inkingi yo mu gatuza. Ubwa mbere, ni ngombwa kumenya neza uburebure n'uburemere by'umukoresha, kuko ari byo shingiro ry'ingenzi ryo guhuza icyitegererezo cy'inkingi gikwiye. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'inkingi zo mu kwaha bufite uburebure buhuye neza n'aho uburemere bugarukira. Urugero, inkingi nto ikwiriye umuntu ufite uburebure bwa cm 150-165, inkingi iringaniye ikwiriye umuntu ufite uburebure bwa cm 165-180, kandi inkingi nini ikenewe ku muntu ufite uburebure bwa cm 180. Ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo, ni ngombwa kugenzura ko uburemere bw'umukoresha butarenze ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gutwara imizigo bugaragazwa ku gicuruzwa. Niba uburemere bw'umukoresha buri hejuru, ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere ikomeye ikwiye gutwara imizigo bigomba kubanza gutoranywa kugira ngo hirindwe ko byangirika cyangwa ngo bivunike bitewe n'uko ibirenge bidashobora kwihanganira uburemere.
Icya kabiri, ibikenewe bigomba kugenwa hashingiwe ku rugero rw'imvune ku mubiri: Ku mvune ku kuguru kumwe ko hasi, nko kuvunika ku kaguru cyangwa kuvunika ku ruhande rumwe, inkoni imwe yo mu gatuza ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa; Ku bageze mu za bukuru bafite ubumuga bw'ingingo zo hasi nk'imvune zo ku ruhande rumwe, ingaruka zo gucika intege, cyangwa kuringaniza nabi, ni ngombwa gukoresha inkoni zo mu gatuza hamwe; Niba umukoresha afite intege nke ku kuguru ko hejuru, hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane imiterere igabanya imbaraga n'imikorere y'inkingi zo mu gatuza kugira ngo bigabanye umutwaro ku ngingo zo hejuru.
Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bigena umutekano n'ihumure
Kwita ku miterere n'ibikoresho by'ibanze ni ingenzi mu gutuma ikoreshwa neza kandi ritekanye.
1. Mu bijyanye no guhitamo ibikoresho, ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu gutera imbago muri iki gihe ni aloyi ya aluminiyumu, fibre ya karuboni, n'icyuma kitagira umugese.
- Yakozwe mu cyuma cya aluminiyumu, yoroheje kandi itwara imizigo, ubusanzwe ipima hagati ya kilogarama 1-1.5. Yoroshye kuyitwara, ihendutse, kandi ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu ntera ngufi mu rugo cyangwa mu gihe gito cyo kuyigarura.
- Fibre ya karuboni ni yoroshye, ipima ibiro 0.8 gusa, kandi irakomeye kandi iraramba, bigatuma ikwiriye abantu bakeneye kuyitwara igihe kirekire cyangwa kuyikoresha kenshi hanze, ariko irahenze cyane.
- Icyuma kidakoresha imitako gifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bwinshi cyane, ariko kandi kiraremereye cyane, akenshi gipima ibiro birenga 2. Kirakwiriye abagikoresha bafite uburemere bunini bw'ibanze n'ibikorwa bitandukanye.
2. Imiterere y'icyuma gishyigikira mu kwaha no gufata bigira ingaruka ku buryo bworoshye bwo gukoresha. Igikoresho gishyigikira mu kwaha kigomba kwirinda ahantu munsi y'aha aho imitsi n'amaraso biba byiganje. Shyira imbere ibikoresho bifite agapfundikizo koroshye n'imiterere igoramye ijyanye n'aha h'umuntu.
3. Intera iri hagati y'inkingi yo munsi y'amaboko n'inkingi yo gukingira igomba guhindurwa kugira ngo igice cyo munsi y'amaboko gifatanye gato n'inkingi iyo gihagaze, imbaraga nyamukuru zigashyirwa ku kuboko, bityo birinde gukanda imitsi n'imitsi bishobora gutera ububabare mu kuboko. Inkingi igomba kuba ikozwe mu bikoresho bidatemba kandi bishobora guhumeka nka karuboni cyangwa ifuro ryo kwibuka.
4. Aho ugufata bigomba guhindurwa kugira ngo ukuboko gupfukame mu buryo busanzwe kuri dogere 150 mu gihe ukufashe, bigabanye umunaniro w'imitsi yo hejuru y'amaguru.
5. Umutambaro wo hasi urinda kunyerera ni wo mushinga w'ingenzi mu kurinda umutekano. Ugomba kuba ukozwe mu ibara ry'umukara ryiza rifite imiterere miremire kandi ridashobora kwangirika cyane, kugira ngo ubashe gufata neza no ku butaka butose kandi bunyerera nk'amatafari n'ubwogero. Muri icyo gihe, menya neza ko umutambaro ushobora gukurwaho kandi ugasimburwa, kugira ngo ubashe kuwugumana igihe ushaje.
三. Guhitamo neza no kubungabunga buri gihe
Ni ngombwa gushimangira ko inkoni zo mu gatuza ziri mu cyiciro cy'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Mu gihe ugura, menya neza ko uhisemo ibikoresho byemewe bifite icyemezo cyo kwandikisha ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi n'ibyemezo by'ubuziranenge kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa no kugura ibikoresho bitujuje ubuziranenge. Mbere yo kubikoresha, soma witonze igitabo cy'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo usobanukirwe ikoreshwa n'uburyo bikwiye bwo kubibungabunga. Mu gihe ukoresha buri munsi, genzura buri gihe vis, imigozi, ibirenge, n'ibindi bice by'umubiri w'imashini. Niba hari ikintu kidakomeye cyangwa cyasaze, komeza ubishyire ku murongo cyangwa ubisimbuze igihe.
Guhitamo inkoni zikoreshwa mu gukingira amenyo zikwiye si uguhitamo igikoresho gifasha gusa, ahubwo ni uguhitamo inzira yizewe kandi yoroshye yo kuvura amenyo. Byaba ari ibyo kwifashisha ku giti cyawe cyangwa ku bagize umuryango, hakwiye gufatwa ingamba za siyansi kandi zihamye, hagatekerezwa ku bintu bifatika nko kuba bikwiriye, ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa, n'uburambe bw'umukoresha, kugira ngo imbago zikoreshwa mu gukingira amenyo zibe ingirakamaro mu nzira yo kuvura amenyo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 10-2025