Intebe z'abamugaye ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu buvuzi bwo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, ziha imbaraga abantu bagorwa no kugenda cyangwa kwimuka. Zitanga ubufasha bufatika ku bantu bakize imvune, babana n'indwara zigira ingaruka ku maguru yabo, cyangwa abamenyera kugenda nabi. Mu gusubiza ubwisanzure bwo kugenda, intebe z'abamugaye zifasha abakoresha gusubirana ubwigenge mu buzima bwa buri munsi - byaba ari ukwimuka mu ngo zabo, kwitabira ibikorwa by'abaturage, cyangwa gukomeza urugendo rwabo rwo gukira mu cyubahiro.
Mbere na mbere, reka tuvuge ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'igare ritameze neza ku muntu urikoresha.
- Umuvuduko ukabije w'aho hantu
- Kugira imiterere mibi mu mubiri
- Bitera scoliosis
- Bitera gufungana kw'ingingo
(Amagare y'abamugaye adakwiye ni ayahe: intebe ni nto cyane, ntabwo ari ndende bihagije, intebe ni nini cyane, ntabwo ari ndende bihagije)
Mu gihe ukoresha intebe y'abamugaye, ahantu hakunze kugorana ni aho umubiri wawe uhagarara ku ntebe n'aho uhagarara inyuma - nk'aho munsi y'amagufwa y'intebe yawe, inyuma y'amavi, no hejuru y'umugongo. Niyo mpamvu kuyifata neza ari ingenzi: intebe y'abamugaye ijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri wawe ifasha gukwirakwiza ibiro ku buryo bungana, ikarinda ububabare bw'uruhu cyangwa ibisebe biterwa no gukandagira buri gihe cyangwa igitutu. Tekereza nko kwicara ku ntebe ikomeye amasaha menshi - niba ubuso bwayo budashyigikiye imitsi yawe isanzwe, bizatera ububabare cyangwa ndetse n'ibizinga uko igihe kigenda. Buri gihe genzura ibi bintu by'ingenzi bigutera iyo uhisemo intebe y'abamugaye kugira ngo umenye neza ko igufashe neza.
Ni gute wahitamo intebe y'abamugaye?
- Ubugari bw'intebe
Pima intera iri hagati y'amatako cyangwa ibibero mugihe wicaye, wongereho cm 5, hari icyuho cya cm 2.5 kuri buri ruhande nyuma yo kwicara. Iyo intebe ari nto cyane, biragoye kwinjira no gusohoka mu igare ry'abamugaye, kandi amatako n'ibibero birakomeye; iyo intebe ari nini cyane, ntabwo byoroshye kwicara neza, ntabwo byoroshye gukoresha igare ry'abamugaye, amaguru yo hejuru arananirwa byoroshye, kandi biragoye no kwinjira no gusohoka mu muryango.
- Uburebure bw'intebe
Pima intera iri hagati y'amatako n'ikibuno cy'inyuma ugera ku gatsi k'inyuma igihe wicaye, hanyuma ukuremo cm 6.5 ku bisubizo byapimwe. Iyo intebe ari ngufi cyane, uburemere bw'umubiri buzaba bugera kuri ischium, bishobora gutera umuvuduko ukabije ku gace k'imbere. Iyo intebe ari ndende cyane, izagabanya agace k'imbere, bigira ingaruka ku mitemberere y'amaraso yo mu gace kandi byoroshye gukurura uruhu rwo muri ako gace. Ku barwayi bafite amatako magufi cyane cyangwa amavi manini, ni byiza gukoresha intebe ngufi.
- Uburebure bw'intebe
Mu gihe uhindura intebe z'abamugaye, tangira upime uhereye ku gatsinsino kawe (cyangwa agatsinsino k'inkweto) ugere ku murongo usanzwe uri munsi y'ikibuno cyawe mugihe wicaye, hanyuma wongereho cm 4 kuri iki gipimo nk'uburebure bw'ibanze. Menya neza ko isahani yo kuruhukaho ikirenge iguma nibura cm 5 hejuru y'ubutaka. Kubona uburebure bukwiye bw'intebe ni ingenzi - niba ari ndende cyane, intebe y'abamugaye ntizakwira neza munsi y'ameza, kandi niba ari ndende cyane, ikibuno cyawe kizatwara ibiro byinshi cyane, bishobora gutera ububabare uko igihe kigenda.
- Umusego w'intebe
Kugira ngo hirindwe ibisebe by'umuvuduko, intebe igomba kuba ifite umusego. Hashobora gukoreshwa ifuro (ubugari bwa cm 5-10) cyangwa gel pads. Kugira ngo intebe idapfa, hashobora gushyirwaho plywood ifite ubugari bwa cm 0.6 munsi y'umusego w'intebe.
- Uburebure bw'inyuma
Uko igice cyo hejuru cy'umugongo kiba kinini, ni ko kiba gihamye, kandi uko igice cyo hejuru cy'umugongo kiba gito, ni ko igice cyo hejuru cy'umubiri n'amaguru yo hejuru birushaho kugenda neza. Icyo bita igice cyo hasi cy'umugongo ni ugupima intera iri hagati y'intebe n'amaboko (ukuboko kumwe cyangwa yombi kwarambuye imbere), no gukuramo cm 10 kuri ubu buryo bwo kongera guhagarara. Igice cyo hejuru cy'umugongo: pima uburebure nyabwo uhereye ku ntebe ujya ku rutugu cyangwa inyuma y'umutwe.
- Uburebure bw'ikiganza
Mu gihe wicaye, komeza amaboko yawe yo hejuru ahagaze kandi amaboko yawe agororotse ku myanya yo kuruhuka. Pima uburebure uhereye ku ntebe kugeza ku nkengero zo hasi z'amaboko yawe hanyuma wongereho cm 2.5. Uburebure bukwiye bwo kuruhuka bufasha kugumana imiterere ikwiye y'umubiri no kuringaniza, kandi butuma amaguru yo hejuru ashyirwa ahantu heza. Iyo imyanya yo kuruhuka iri hejuru cyane, amaboko yo hejuru ahatirwa kuzamuka, bishobora gutuma umuntu ananirwa byoroshye. Iyo imyanya yo kuruhuka iri hasi cyane, umubiri wo hejuru ugomba kunama kugira ngo ukomeze kuringaniza, ibyo bikaba bitatera umunaniro gusa, ahubwo binagira ingaruka ku guhumeka.
- Ibindi bikoresho by'abamugaye
Yagenewe guhaza ibyifuzo byihariye by'abarwayi, nko kongera ubuso bw'umugozi, kongera feri, igikoresho kidatemba, igikoresho kidatemba, aho ukuboko guhagarara hashyizwe ku gitereko cyo kuboko, n'ameza y'abamugaye kugira ngo abarwayi barye kandi bandike n'ibindi.
Ibintu ugomba kwitaho mu gihe ukoresha intebe y'abamugaye
Gusunika intebe y'abamugaye ahantu harambuye: Umuntu ugeze mu zabukuru agomba kwicara neza agafata ku mapedali. Umuntu umwitaho agomba guhagarara inyuma y'intebe y'abamugaye akayisunika buhoro buhoro kandi buhoro.
Gusunika intebe y'abamugaye kuzamuka umusozi: Mu gihe uzamuka umusozi, umubiri ugomba kuba uhengamye imbere kugira ngo udacika intege.
Kuzamura intebe y'abamugaye imanuka: Kuzamura intebe y'abamugaye imanuka, subira inyuma intambwe, hanyuma ureke intebe y'abamugaye imanuka gato. Rambura umutwe n'amatugu hanyuma uheme inyuma, hanyuma usabe abageze mu zabukuru gufata imikondo cyane.
Kuzamuka ku madarajya: Saba abageze mu zabukuru guhagarara inyuma y'intebe no gufata imigozi y'intoki n'amaboko yombi, kandi ntugahangayike.
Kanda pedali y'ibirenge kugira ngo uzamure uruziga rw'imbere (koresha amapine abiri y'inyuma nk'inkingi kugira ngo uzamure uruziga rw'imbere neza ku ntambwe) hanyuma ushyire buhoro buhoro ku ntambwe. Zamura uruziga rw'inyuma nyuma y'uko uruziga rw'inyuma ruri hafi y'intambwe. Mu gihe uzamuye uruziga rw'inyuma, egera intebe y'abamugaye kugira ngo umanure hagati y'imbaraga rukuruzi.
Sunika intebe y'abamugaye inyuma iyo umanuka ku madarajya: Hindura intebe y'abamugaye inyuma iyo umanuka ku madarajya, hanyuma ureke intebe y'abamugaye imanuke buhoro buhoro. Rambura umutwe n'amatugu hanyuma uhengamire inyuma, hanyuma usabe abageze mu zabukuru gufata imikondo cyane. Shyira umubiri wawe hafi y'intebe y'abamugaye kugira ngo ugabanye imbaraga z'uburemere bw'isi.
Gusunika intebe y'abamugaye yinjira n'isohoka muri ascenseur: Abageze mu zabukuru n'abamugaye bagomba kureba kure y'icyerekezo cy'urugendo, umuganga imbere n'umuganga w'abamugaye inyuma. Nyuma yo kwinjira muri ascenseur, feri zigomba gukazwa ku gihe. Iyo unyuze mu bice bitangana mu nzira yinjira n'isohoka muri ascenseur, abageze mu zabukuru bagomba kumenyeshwa hakiri kare. Injira kandi usohoke buhoro buhoro.
Kwimura intebe y'abamugaye
Urugero, dufata uburyo bwo kwimura abarwayi bafite indwara yo mu nda ihagaze (vertical transfer) nk'ingero
Bikwiriye umurwayi wese ufite hemiplejiya kandi ushobora kuguma ahagaze neza mu gihe cyo kwimura amaguru.
- Kwimura abafite ubumuga ku ruhande rw'igitanda
Igitanda kigomba kuba cyegereye uburebure bw'intebe y'abamugaye, gifite aho kuboko hagufi ku mutwe w'igitanda. Akagare kagomba kuba gafite feri n'aho guhagarara ibirenge. Akagare kagomba gushyirwa ku ruhande rw'ikirenge cy'umurwayi. Akagare kagomba kuba kari hagati ya dogere 20-30 (30-45) uvuye ku kirenge cy'igitanda.
Umurwayi yicaye iruhande rw'igitanda, agafunga feri y'abamugaye, agatera imbere, agakoresha urugingo ruzima kugira ngo rumufashe kujya ku ruhande. Urambura urugingo ruzima kugeza kuri dogere zirenga 90, hanyuma uhindure ikirenge gizima inyuma gato y'ikirenge cyafashwe kugira ngo worohereze kugenda ku birenge byombi. Fata ikiganza cyo ku gitanda, wimure igituza cy'umurwayi imbere, ukoreshe ukuboko kwe gukomeye kugira ngo usunike imbere, wimure igice kinini cy'uburemere bw'umubiri kugeza ku nyana nzima, hanyuma ugere aho uhagaze. Umurwayi yimura amaboko ye hagati y'ikiganza cya kure cy'abamugaye maze ahindure ibirenge bye kugira ngo yitegure kwicara. Nyuma yuko umurwayi yicaye ku gitanda, hindura ibirenge bye hanyuma urekure feri. Hindura intebe y'abamugaye inyuma kandi kure y'igitanda. Amaherezo, umurwayi yimura intebe y'ikirenge aho yari iri, azamura ukuguru kwafashwe n'ukuboko guzima, hanyuma ashyire ikirenge ku gikoresho cyo ku gikoresho cyo ku gikoresho.
- Kwimura intebe y'abamugaye uvuye ku buriri
Shyira intebe y'abamugaye yerekeza ku mutwe w'igitanda, uruhande ruzima ruri hafi kandi ushyireho feri. Zamura ukuguru kwangiritse n'ukuboko guzima, wimure ibirenge ku ruhande, shyira igitereko imbere hanyuma usunike hasi, hanyuma wimure isura imbere y'intebe y'abamugaye kugeza igihe ibirenge byombi bimanitse, ukuguru guzima inyuma gato y'ikirenge cyangiritse. Fata intebe y'abamugaye, wimure umubiri wawe imbere, hanyuma ukoreshe uruhande rwawe ruzima kugira ngo ushyigikire uburemere bwawe hejuru no hasi kugira ngo uhagarare. Umaze guhagarara, wimure amaboko yawe ku ntebe y'abamugaye, buhoro buhoro uhindukize umubiri wawe kugira ngo wishyire witeguye kwicara ku buriri, hanyuma wicare ku buriri.
- Kwimura intebe y'abamugaye ukayijyana mu bwiherero
Shyira intebe y'abamugaye ku mfuruka, uruhande rw'umurwayi rumeze neza hafi y'ubwiherero, shyira feri, shyira ikirenge ku gice cyo ku kirenge, hanyuma wimure igice cyo ku kirenge ku ruhande. Kanda ikiganza cy'abamugaye n'ukuboko gukomeye hanyuma ushyire umugongo imbere. Jya imbere muri intebe y'abamugaye. Haguruka uvuye ku ntebe y'abamugaye ukurikirane ukuguru kwangiritse kugira ngo ushyigikire uburemere bwawe bwinshi. Umaze guhagarara, hindura ibirenge byawe. Hagarara imbere y'ubwiherero. Umurwayi akuramo ipantaro yicara ku bwiherero. Ubu buryo buvugwa haruguru bushobora guhindurwa iyo wimuye kuva mu bwiherero ujya ku ntebe y'abamugaye.
Byongeye kandi, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'amagare y'abamugaye ku isoko. Dukurikije ibikoresho, ashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bya aluminiyumu, ibikoresho byoroheje n'ibyuma. Dukurikije ubwoko, ashobora kugabanywamo amagare asanzwe n'amagare yihariye. Amagare yihariye ashobora kugabanywamo: amagare y'abamugaye ya siporo yo kwidagadura, amagare y'abamugaye ya elegitoroniki, amagare y'abamugaye yo mu bwiherero, amagare y'abamugaye yo gufasha abahagaze, n'ibindi.
- Akagare gasanzwe
Igizwe ahanini n'amapine y'abamugaye, amapine, feri n'ibindi bikoresho.
Ikoreshwa: abantu bafite ubumuga bwo hasi, hemiplegia, paraplegia munsi y'igituza n'abageze mu zabukuru bafite ubushobozi bwo kugenda buhoro.
Ibiranga:
- Abarwayi bashobora kwikorera imifunguzo yo kuruhuka idahinduka cyangwa ishobora gukurwaho ubwabo
- Ibirenge bihamye cyangwa bishobora gukurwaho
- Ishobora gupfunyika iyo ikozwe cyangwa idakoreshejwe
- Akagare gahetamye gafite umugongo munini
Ingano y'ikoreshwa: abafite ubumuga bwinshi n'abageze mu zabukuru n'abafite intege nke
Ibiranga:
- Igice cy'inyuma cy'akagare gahetamye gifite uburebure bungana n'umutwe w'umugenzi, gifite aho amaboko ashobora guhagarara n'aho ibirenge bihagarara. Amapedali ashobora kuzamurwa no kumanurwa, agazunguruka dogere 90, kandi agace ko hejuru gashobora guhindurwa kugira ngo katambitse.
- Agace k'inyuma gashobora guhindurwamo ibice cyangwa gashobora guhindurwa ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose (rungana n'igitanda) kugira ngo umukoresha aruhuke mu kagare k'abamugaye. Agace k'inyuma gashobora no gukurwaho.
- Akagare gakoresha amashanyarazi
Ingano y'ikoreshwa: Ku bantu bafite ubumuga bwinshi bwo kurema cyangwa gucika intege bafite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ukuboko kumwe.
Igare ry'abamugaye rikoresha bateri, rifite intera ya kilometero 20 ku muvuduko umwe, rifite uburyo bwo kuriyobora bukoresha ukuboko kumwe, rishobora kugenda imbere, inyuma, rigahindukira, kandi rishobora gukoreshwa mu nzu cyangwa hanze. Rirahenze cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-08-2025